Inorganic fertilizers, which are widely used in the majority of today's solutions for soil management, pose risks to both human and environmental health. Because of the potential role that microscopic organisms could play in the safety of food and maintaining sustainable agricultural yields, the use of beneficial microorganisms as a source of bio-fertilizers has risen to prominence in the agricultural industry. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), cyanobacteria, as well as other beneficial microorganisms are encouraged by environmentally responsible practices. This leads to enhanced nutrient availability, plant development, and plant sensitivity to both biotic and abiotic stressors. This study focuses on the function of biofertilizers in crop functional traits like plant growth and productivity, nutritive value, and crop protection. A particular emphasis is placed on the function of biofertilizers to trigger multiple growth as well as defense-related genetic traits in the key of pathways in order to induce biological responses and, as a consequence, yield improvement.